EDUKASI KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA MELALUI PENDEKATAN ANDRAGOGI DAN WORK IMPROVEMENT IN SMALL ENTERPRISE (WISE) BAGI PEKERJA PABRIK TAHU

https://doi.org/10.23960/ela.v5i1.2146
Published: Apr 26, 2026

Abstract:

Pekerja pada usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM) umumnya memperoleh keterampilan kerja secara informal melalui pengalaman atau tradisi keluarga tanpa mendapatkan pendidikan formal mengenai keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3), sebagaimana ditemukan pada pekerja Pabrik Tahu Pak Afif di Bandar Lampung. Kondisi tersebut ditunjukkan oleh rendahnya penggunaan alat pelindung diri, lingkungan kerja yang berdebu dengan ventilasi kurang memadai, serta keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal akibat aktivitas manual yang intensif. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan literasi K3 pekerja melalui pendidikan nonformal dengan mengintegrasikan prinsip andragogi dan kerangka Work Improvement in Small Enterprise (WISE), sehingga proses pembelajaran sesuai dengan pengalaman kerja dan kebutuhan praktis peserta. Program dilaksanakan melalui tahapan perencanaan, persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi berkelanjutan. Hasil belajar diukur menggunakan pre-test dan post-test. Hasil menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan K3 dengan rata-rata kenaikan skor sebesar dua poin pada lima pekerja peserta. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan nonformal berbasis andragogi efektif meningkatkan kesadaran dan literasi keselamatan kerja pada komunitas pekerja UMKM.

Workers in micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) generally acquire work skills informally through experience or family tradition without receiving formal education on occupational safety and health (OSH), as observed among workers at Pak Afif's Tofu Factory in Bandar Lampung. This condition is reflected in the low usage of personal protective equipment, a dusty work environment with inadequate ventilation, and complaints of musculoskeletal disorders resulting from intensive manual activities. This community service activity aimed to improve workers' OSH literacy through non-formal education by integrating andragogical principles and the Work Improvement in Small Enterprise (WISE) framework, ensuring the learning process aligns with the participants' work experience and practical needs. The program was implemented through the stages of planning, preparation, implementation, and continuous evaluation. Learning outcomes were measured using pre-tests and post-tests. The results showed an increase in OSH knowledge, with an average score increase of two points among the five participating workers. These findings indicate that non-formal education based on andragogy is effective in enhancing safety awareness and literacy within MSME worker communities.

Keywords:
1. Andragogy
2. Work Improvement in Small Enterprise (WISE)
3. UMKM
Authors:
1 . Alam Fathurochman
Institut Teknologi Sumatera
2 . Nur Miswari
Institut Teknologi Sumatera
3 . Fatin Saffanah Didin
Institut Teknologi Sumatera
4 . Indah Khoerunnisa
Universitas Lampung
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How to Cite
Fathurochman, A., Miswari, N., Didin, F. S., & Khoerunnisa, I. (2026). EDUKASI KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA MELALUI PENDEKATAN ANDRAGOGI DAN WORK IMPROVEMENT IN SMALL ENTERPRISE (WISE) BAGI PEKERJA PABRIK TAHU. Education, Language, and Arts: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 5(1), 191–197. https://doi.org/10.23960/ela.v5i1.2146
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Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Education, Language, and Arts: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Articles
References

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    Suhardi, B., Kadita, M., & Laksono, P. W. (2018). Perbaikan proses produksi dengan standar Cara Produksi Pangan yang Baik (CPPB) dan Work Improvement in Small Enterprise (WISE) pada industri kerupuk sala. Simetris: Jurnal Teknik Mesin, Elektro dan Ilmu Komputer, 9(1), 579–586.

    Suhardi, B., Putri, N. I., & Astuti, R. D. (2019a). Implementation of CPPB-IRT, WISE, and halal guarantee system on bread production. Jurnal Teknik Industri, 20(1), 22–33.

    Suhardi, B., Wardani, S. V., & Jauhari, W. A. (2019b). Perbaikan proses produksi IKM XYZ berdasarkan kriteria CPPB-IRT, WISE, dan SJH LPPOM MUI. J@ti Undip: Jurnal Teknik Industri, 14(2), 93.

    Suhardi, B., Sari, R. P., & Laksono, P. W. (2020). Perbaikan proses produksi pada IKM Tahu Sari Murni Mojosongo menggunakan metode Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) dan Work Improvement in Small Enterprise (WISE). Jurnal INTECH Teknik Industri Universitas Serang Raya, 6(1), 88–98.

    van Dijk, F. J., Bubas, M., & Smits, P. B. (2015). Evaluation studies on education in occupational safety and health: Inspiration for developing economies. Annals of Global Health, 81(4), 548–560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aogh.2015.08.023

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    Zikargae, M. H., Woldearegay, A. G., & Skjerdal, T. (2022). Empowering rural society through non-formal environmental education: An empirical study of environment and forest development community projects in Ethiopia. Heliyon, 8(3), Article e09127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09127.

  1. Biney, I. K. (2023). Adult education and entrepreneurship: Getting young adults involved. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12, Article 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-023-00277-0
  2. Haryono, E., & Utami, D. (2019). Karakteristik industri tahu di Kecamatan Pekalongan Kabupaten Lampung Timur. Media Komunikasi Geografi, 19(2), 165.
  3. Hasle, P., & Limborg, H. J. (2006). A review of the literature on preventive occupational health and safety activities in small enterprises. Industrial Health, 44(1), 6–12.
  4. Hasle, P., Limborg, H. J., Kallehave, T., Klitgaard, C., & Andersen, T. R. (2012). The working environment in small firms: Responses from owner-managers. International Small Business Journal, 30(6), 622–639.
  5. International Labour Office. (2015). Pembinaan peningkatan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja pada usaha kecil dan menengah dengan metode pelatihan partisipasi aktif. ILO.
  6. K2, U. (2022). Penyuluhan dan penyebaran informasi K3 sektor UMKM di Kediri. Dinas Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi Provinsi Jawa Timur. https://www.k3.disnakertrans.jatimprov.go.id/penyuluhan-dan-penyebaran-informasi-k3-sektor-umkm-di-kediri
  7. Knowles, M. S. (1978). Andragogy: Adult learning theory in perspective. Community College Review, 5(3), 9–20. https://doi.org/10.1177/009155217800500302
  8. Nastasia, I., & Rives, R. (2024). Successful strategies for occupational health and safety in small and medium enterprises: Insights for a sustainable return to work. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 35(4), 767–782. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-024-10255-2
  9. Rahim, N. A., Juhari, J., Husin, N., Daud, S. R., Rahim, A., Suhaimie, I. L., Sehat, N. S., & Jogeran, J. (2025). Occupational safety, health, and ergonomics in SMEs: A conceptual framework for sustainable work performance. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 9(14), 2018–2027.
  10. Republik Indonesia. (2003). Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional.
  11. Rosita, R., Hudoyo, A., & Soelaiman, A. (2019). Analisis usaha, nilai tambah, dan kesempatan kerja agroindustri tahu di Bandar Lampung. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Agribisnis, 7(2), 211.
  12. Suhardi, B., Kadita, M., & Laksono, P. W. (2018). Perbaikan proses produksi dengan standar Cara Produksi Pangan yang Baik (CPPB) dan Work Improvement in Small Enterprise (WISE) pada industri kerupuk sala. Simetris: Jurnal Teknik Mesin, Elektro dan Ilmu Komputer, 9(1), 579–586.
  13. Suhardi, B., Putri, N. I., & Astuti, R. D. (2019a). Implementation of CPPB-IRT, WISE, and halal guarantee system on bread production. Jurnal Teknik Industri, 20(1), 22–33.
  14. Suhardi, B., Wardani, S. V., & Jauhari, W. A. (2019b). Perbaikan proses produksi IKM XYZ berdasarkan kriteria CPPB-IRT, WISE, dan SJH LPPOM MUI. J@ti Undip: Jurnal Teknik Industri, 14(2), 93.
  15. Suhardi, B., Sari, R. P., & Laksono, P. W. (2020). Perbaikan proses produksi pada IKM Tahu Sari Murni Mojosongo menggunakan metode Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) dan Work Improvement in Small Enterprise (WISE). Jurnal INTECH Teknik Industri Universitas Serang Raya, 6(1), 88–98.
  16. van Dijk, F. J., Bubas, M., & Smits, P. B. (2015). Evaluation studies on education in occupational safety and health: Inspiration for developing economies. Annals of Global Health, 81(4), 548–560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aogh.2015.08.023
  17. Yasland, M. (2022, Maret 25). Usaha tahu/tempe di Lampung terancam tutup, harga kedelai mahal. Republika. https://news.republika.co.id/berita/rkka60327/usaha-tahutempe-di-lampung-terancam-tutup-harga-kedelai-mahal
  18. Zikargae, M. H., Woldearegay, A. G., & Skjerdal, T. (2022). Empowering rural society through non-formal environmental education: An empirical study of environment and forest development community projects in Ethiopia. Heliyon, 8(3), Article e09127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09127.

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