IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM MAKAN BERGIZI GRATIS: ANALISIS ARAH PENINGKATAN STATUS GIZI ANAK

https://doi.org/10.23960/buanakata.v3i2.1949
Published: Apr 27, 2026

Abstract:

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) as an effort to improve children’s nutritional status in Indonesia. The study employed a qualitative approach using library research. Data were collected through a literature search on Google Scholar using the keywords “school feeding program,” “nutrition policy,” “child nutrition,” and “MBG.” Of the 23 articles identified, 9 articles were selected as the main sources based on their relevance and academic quality. Data were analyzed using content analysis through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the Free Nutritious Meal Program contributes positively to improving children’s nutritional status, health, learning motivation, and educational quality. The program also has the potential to support regional food security through the utilization of local food resources and the involvement of local cooperatives and small enterprises in food distribution. Furthermore, the implementation of MBG is considered a long-term social investment in the development of Indonesia’s human resources. The success of the program is influenced by governance quality, food distribution systems, infrastructure readiness, and inter-institutional collaboration. Therefore, integrated and sustainable program management is necessary to ensure that the benefits of MBG can be optimally achieved by the community.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) sebagai arah peningkatan status gizi anak di Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Data diperoleh melalui penelusuran literatur pada Google Scholar menggunakan kata kunci “school feeding program”, “nutrition policy”, “child nutrition”, dan “MBG”. Dari 23 artikel yang ditemukan, sebanyak 9 artikel dipilih sebagai sumber utama berdasarkan relevansi dan kualitas akademik. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan teknik content analysis melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Program Makan Bergizi Gratis memiliki kontribusi positif terhadap peningkatan status gizi anak, kesehatan, motivasi belajar, dan kualitas pendidikan. Program ini juga berpotensi mendukung ketahanan pangan daerah melalui pemanfaatan pangan lokal dan keterlibatan UMKM serta koperasi dalam distribusi pangan. Selain itu, implementasi MBG dipandang sebagai investasi sosial jangka panjang dalam pembangunan sumber daya manusia Indonesia. Keberhasilan program dipengaruhi oleh kualitas tata kelola, distribusi pangan, kesiapan infrastruktur, dan sinergi antar lembaga. Oleh karena itu, pengelolaan program yang terintegrasi dan berkelanjutan diperlukan agar manfaat MBG dapat dirasakan secara optimal oleh masyarakat.

Keywords:
1. free nutritious meals
2. public policy
3. nutrition program
4. school feeding
5. Indonesia
Authors:
Mohamad Azzan Farist
UIN Suska Riau
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How to Cite
Farist, M. A. (2026). IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM MAKAN BERGIZI GRATIS: ANALISIS ARAH PENINGKATAN STATUS GIZI ANAK. Jurnal Buana Kata: Pendidikan, Bahasa, Dan Ilmu Komunikasi, 3(2), 142–151. https://doi.org/10.23960/buanakata.v3i2.1949
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Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Buana Kata: Pendidikan, Bahasa, dan Ilmu Komunikasi
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References

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  2. Brooks, E. D. (2023). Universal free school meals: The future of school meal programmes? The Lancet, 402(10406), 831–833. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01516-7
  3. George, M. W. (2008). The elements of library research: What every student needs to know. Princeton University Press.
  4. Habibah, N., Aradytia, M. T., Izzah, K. N., & Hawarie, K. A. (2025). Reviewing the Effectiveness of the Free Nutritious Meals (MBG) Policy in Promoting Nutritional Equity Among School Children. 2(2), 18–26.
  5. Kuhlthau, C. C. (1994). Teaching the library research process. Bloomsbury Publishing PLC.
  6. Makambombu, S. (2026). Local Food, Centralized Governance, and the Limits of Policy Localization in Indonesia’s Free Nutritious School Meal Program: Evidence from Sumba. The Journal of Indonesia Sustainable Development Planning, 7(1), 70-84.
  7. Marzulina, L., Mukminin, A., & Harto, K. (2025). Feeding Minds, Building Dignity: Indonesia’s Free Nutritious Meal Policy (MBG), Barriers, Prospects, and Policy Recommendations. Edukasi: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran, 12(2), 848-876.
  8. Maulidya, A., & Fitriani, Y. (2025). Analisis Program Makan Bergizi Gratis Terhadap Strategi Peningkatan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar di Lampung. Arus Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora, 5(3), 3792-3803.
  9. Nurlaili, Y. (2025). Peluang Program Makan Bergizi Gratis dalam Mendorong Pertumbuhan UMKM Pangan dan Penguatan Ekonomi Kerakyatan. 3(2).
  10. Rahmina, R. E. K. P., & Anggraini, R. (2026). Implementation of the Merah Putih Cooperative Policy in Supporting the Free Nutritious Food Programme for School Students. Journal Governance Bureaucratic Review, 3(1), 29-45.
  11. Sari, N. H., Lionardo, A., Thamrin, M. H., & Putra, R. (2025). Free School Meals Policy as a Learning Framework for MBG in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review. Eduvest-Journal of Universal Studies, 5(10), 12939-12954.
  12. Sari, N. P. W. P., Mazenda, A., Katiyatiya, C. L. F., Nguyen, M. H., & Vuong, Q. H. (2025). Policy analysis in school meals program: regulation impacts on in-school food fortification. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition, 20(6), 1024-1041.
  13. Stoan, S. K. (1984). Research and library skills: An analysis and interpretation. College & Research Libraries, 45(2), 99–109. https://doi.org/10.5860/crl_45_02_99
  14. Suyoga, K. A. E., Purnama, S. N. P. W., Katiyatiya, C. L. F., Mazenda, A., Nguyen, M. H., & Vuong, Q. H. (2024). Promoting Food Biofortification In Agricultural Sectors Through School Meals Program: The Significance Of National Policies.
  15. UNICEF. (2025). Centre of Excellence Program Makan Bergizi Gratis. UNICEF Indonesia. https://www.unicef.org/indonesia/nutrition/reports/centre-excellence-makan-bergizi-gratis-programme
  16. Wilander, F. (2025). Nutrition Challenges and Child Health in Indonesia. UNICEF Indonesia Report.
  17. Yuliani, F., Juniarsih, W., & Prayitno, H. J. (2026). Kebijakan Makan Bergizi Gratis Di Indonesia: Analisis Implementasi, Dampak Terhadap Sumber Daya Manusia, Dan Implikasinya Pada Kebijakan Sistem Pendidikan Nasional. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 11(02), 212-224.