GURU HEBAT DI ERA DIGITAL: MENELUSURI JEJAK PENGEMBANGAN KOMPETENSI MELALUI STUDI LITERATUR

https://doi.org/10.23960/simbol.v13i2.927
Published: Sep 5, 2025

Abstract:

The transformation of education in the digital era requires teachers to go beyond being mere transmitters of knowledge they must also serve as innovative, adaptive, and tech-savvy learning facilitators. This study aims to analyze the development of teacher competencies in the digital age through a literature review of relevant scholarly sources. The findings reveal that technological mastery is a critical foundation of 21st-century teacher professionalism, especially in the post-COVID-19 context. However, challenges persist, including low digital literacy, infrastructure limitations, and disparities in age and geographic location. Therefore, continuous modular-based training, integration of digital platforms (such as Canva, Google Workspace, and LMS), and the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) are key strategies for strengthening teacher competence. In addition to national policy support such as the Program Guru Penggerak dan Pendidikan Profesi Guru (PPG) strengthening professional learning communities is necessary to foster a collaborative ecosystem. Thus, great teachers in the digital era are not only those who master technology but also those who possess pedagogical reflection, ethical digital literacy, and a commitment to creating contextual and sustainable learning.

Transformasi pendidikan di era digital menuntut guru tidak hanya sebagai penyampai materi, tetapi juga sebagai fasilitator pembelajaran yang inovatif, adaptif, dan melek teknologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengembangan kompetensi guru di era digital melalui studi literatur dari berbagai sumber ilmiah yang relevan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa penguasaan teknologi menjadi fondasi utama dalam profesionalisme guru abad ke-21, terutama pasca pandemi COVID-19. Namun demikian, tantangan masih dihadapi, seperti rendahnya literasi digital, keterbatasan infrastruktur, serta kesenjangan usia dan wilayah. Oleh karena itu, pelatihan berkelanjutan berbasis modular, integrasi platform digital (seperti Canva, Google Workspace, dan LMS), serta pemanfaatan kecerdasan buatan (AI) menjadi strategi kunci dalam penguatan kompetensi guru. Selain dukungan kebijakan seperti Program Guru Penggerak dan Pendidikan Profesi Guru (PPG), penguatan komunitas belajar profesional juga diperlukan guna menciptakan ekosistem kolaboratif. Dengan demikian, guru hebat di era digital adalah mereka yang tidak hanya menguasai teknologi, tetapi juga memiliki refleksi pedagogis, literasi digital yang etis, serta komitmen dalam menciptakan pembelajaran yang kontekstual dan berkelanjutan.

Keywords:
1. teacher competence
2. digital era
3. digital literacy
4. technologybased training
5. innovative learning
Authors:
1 . Hanifa Intan Desiga
Universitas Bangka Belitung
2 . Khoerotun Nisa Liswati
Universitas Bangka Belitung
View PDF
How to Cite
Desiga, H. I., & Liswati, K. N. (2025). GURU HEBAT DI ERA DIGITAL: MENELUSURI JEJAK PENGEMBANGAN KOMPETENSI MELALUI STUDI LITERATUR. J-Simbol: Jurnal Magister Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia, 13(2), 850–858. https://doi.org/10.23960/simbol.v13i2.927
Download Citation
  1. Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
  2. BibTeX

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
Issue & Section
Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): J-Simbol: Jurnal Magister Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia
Articles
References

    Agustina, N., Anindita, R., & Nuryadi, N. (2024). Pengembangan Kompetensi Guru dalam Mengembangkan Bahan Ajar Digital Bermuatan Interkultural untuk Membentuk Kewarganegaraan Global Siswa. Jurnal Abdimas Prakasa Dakara, 4(2), 164–171. https://doi.org/10.37640/japd.v4i2.2144.

    Asfiya’, A., Macelly, A. P., Dimyati, F., Mulyaningrum, R., & Rakhmawati, R. (2024). Dampak Literasi Digital Terhadap Keprofesionalan Guru Sekolah Menengah Atas : Literatur Review Impact Of Digital Literacy On The Professionality Of High School Teachers : Literature Review. 21, 123–128.

    Basilotta-Gómez-Pablos, V., Matarranz, M., Casado-Aranda, LA. et al. (2022). Teachers’ digital competencies in higher education: a systematic literature review. Int J Educ Technol High Educ 19, 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-021-00312-8.

    Dinda Rahmawati, Margareth Aruan, & Syarifudin Yunus. (2025). Kompetensi Digital Guru Dan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Di Era Pembelajaran Daring. Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, 12(11), 41–50. https://doi.org/10.9644/sindoro.v12i11.11183.

    Erwin Novriyanto, Prihastuti Harsani, & Soewarto Hardhienata. (2025). Peningkatan Kompetensi Professional Guru di Era Digital Melalui Pengembangan Pelatihan Berbasis Artificial Intelligence dan Blended Learning. Wawasan : Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, Ekonomi Dan Kewirausahaan, 3(2), 20–25. https://doi.org/10.58192/wawasan.v3i2.3054.

    Liu, J., Aziku, M., Qiang, F. et al. (2024). Leveraging professional learning communities in linking digital professional development and instructional integration: evidence from 16,072 STEM teachers. IJ STEM Ed 11, 56. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-024-00513-3.

    Mawarni, D., Amanda, A., Agustin, A., Salvana, V., & Abdurrahmansyah, A. (2025). Analisis Kebijakan Pengembangan Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru di Era Digital. JIM: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Sejarah, 10(1), 260–267. https://doi.org/10.24815/jimps.v10i1.33996.

    Muthmainnah, A., Falasifah, F., Yadi, N. & Halimah, L. (2025). Strategi Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Di Era Digital Untuk Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Wahana Pendidikan, 12(1), 229-240.

    Ningrum, T. A., & Dea Stivani Suherman. (2022). Peningkatan Kompetensi Literasi Digital Guru Melalui Bimtek Pembuatan Media dan Evaluasi Pembelajaran Daring untuk Sekolah Dasar. Journal of Practice Learning and Educational Development, 2(3), 124–128. https://doi.org/10.58737/jpled.v2i3.55.

    Nisak, S. K. & Rahmah, L. U. (2024). Strategi Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru melalui Pelatihan Berbasis Teknologi Informasi. PENA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran, 01(01), 15-21.

    Pudyastuti, Z. E., Palandi, J. F., & Sari, N. (n.d.). (2023) Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru di Era Digital dalam Penerapan Pembelajaran Berbasis Teknologi Informasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Pemberdayaan dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, 31-38.

    Rakisheva, A. & Witt, A., (2023) “Digital competence frameworks in teacher education-A literature review”, Issues and Trends in Learning Technologies 11(1). doi: https://doi.org/10.2458/itlt.5205.

    Ratry Aryaningrum, M., Suntri, Y., & Dallion E.W, E. (2024). Studi Literatur: Hubungan Disiplin Belajar Dengan Hasil Belajar Mata Pelajaran Ips Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Dikdas Bantara, 100–110. https://doi.org/10.32585/dikdasbantara.v7i2.5349.

    Suzer, E., Koc, M. (2024). Teachers’ digital competency level according to various variables: A study based on the European DigCompEdu framework in a large Turkish city. Educ Inf Technol 29, 22057–22083. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12711-1.

    Sya’dullah, A., Setyosari, P., Ulfa, S., Praherdhiono, H., & Saroinsong, W. P. (2024). Teaching Style, Digital Literacy, and Self-Efficacy on Early Childhood Education Teacher Capabilities. Jurnal Pedagogi Dan Pembelajaran, 7(1), 63–69. https://doi.org/10.23887/jp2.v7i1.75851.

    Tondeur, Jo & van Braak, Johan & Guoyuan, Sang & Voogt, Joke & Fisser, Petra & Ottenbreit-Leftwich, Anne. (2012). Preparing pre-service teachers to integrate technology in education: A synthesis of qualitative evidence. Computers & Education. 59. 10.1016/j.compedu.2011.10.009.

    Wati, S., & Nurhasannah, N. (2024). Penguatan Kompetensi Guru Dalam Menghadapi Era Digital . Jurnal Review Pendidikan Dasar : Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Dan Hasil Penelitian, 10(2), 149–155. https://doi.org/10.26740/jrpd.v10n2.p149-155.

    Wijanarko, A., Effendi,. R., & Setiawan, Y. (2022). Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru dalam Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Digital Sebagai Knowledge Sharing di SDIT Iqra 1 Bengkulu. PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT, 1(1), 408–415. https://doi.org/10.33086/snpm.v1i1.828.

    Yang, L., García-Holgado, A. & Martínez-Abad, F. (2023). Digital competence of K-12 pre-service and in-service teachers in China: a systematic literature review. Asia Pacific Educ. Rev. 24, 679–693. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12564-023-09888-4.

    Zulaikha, S., Fadholi, M., Sururi, S., Syahril, S., Jamil, S. N. ., & Ariyanti, P. N. (2025). “Bridging the digital divide”: Assessing and advancing teachers’ digital literacy across Indonesian provinces. Journal of Educational Management and Instruction (JEMIN), 5(1), 195–212. https://doi.org/10.22515/jemin.v5i1.11586.

  1. Agustina, N., Anindita, R., & Nuryadi, N. (2024). Pengembangan Kompetensi Guru dalam Mengembangkan Bahan Ajar Digital Bermuatan Interkultural untuk Membentuk Kewarganegaraan Global Siswa. Jurnal Abdimas Prakasa Dakara, 4(2), 164–171. https://doi.org/10.37640/japd.v4i2.2144.
  2. Asfiya’, A., Macelly, A. P., Dimyati, F., Mulyaningrum, R., & Rakhmawati, R. (2024). Dampak Literasi Digital Terhadap Keprofesionalan Guru Sekolah Menengah Atas : Literatur Review Impact Of Digital Literacy On The Professionality Of High School Teachers : Literature Review. 21, 123–128.
  3. Basilotta-Gómez-Pablos, V., Matarranz, M., Casado-Aranda, LA. et al. (2022). Teachers’ digital competencies in higher education: a systematic literature review. Int J Educ Technol High Educ 19, 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-021-00312-8.
  4. Dinda Rahmawati, Margareth Aruan, & Syarifudin Yunus. (2025). Kompetensi Digital Guru Dan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Di Era Pembelajaran Daring. Sindoro: Cendikia Pendidikan, 12(11), 41–50. https://doi.org/10.9644/sindoro.v12i11.11183.
  6. Erwin Novriyanto, Prihastuti Harsani, & Soewarto Hardhienata. (2025). Peningkatan Kompetensi Professional Guru di Era Digital Melalui Pengembangan Pelatihan Berbasis Artificial Intelligence dan Blended Learning. Wawasan : Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, Ekonomi Dan Kewirausahaan, 3(2), 20–25. https://doi.org/10.58192/wawasan.v3i2.3054.
  7. Liu, J., Aziku, M., Qiang, F. et al. (2024). Leveraging professional learning communities in linking digital professional development and instructional integration: evidence from 16,072 STEM teachers. IJ STEM Ed 11, 56. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-024-00513-3.
  8. Mawarni, D., Amanda, A., Agustin, A., Salvana, V., & Abdurrahmansyah, A. (2025). Analisis Kebijakan Pengembangan Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru di Era Digital. JIM: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Sejarah, 10(1), 260–267. https://doi.org/10.24815/jimps.v10i1.33996.
  9. Muthmainnah, A., Falasifah, F., Yadi, N. & Halimah, L. (2025). Strategi Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Di Era Digital Untuk Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Wahana Pendidikan, 12(1), 229-240.
  10. Ningrum, T. A., & Dea Stivani Suherman. (2022). Peningkatan Kompetensi Literasi Digital Guru Melalui Bimtek Pembuatan Media dan Evaluasi Pembelajaran Daring untuk Sekolah Dasar. Journal of Practice Learning and Educational Development, 2(3), 124–128. https://doi.org/10.58737/jpled.v2i3.55.
  11. Nisak, S. K. & Rahmah, L. U. (2024). Strategi Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru melalui Pelatihan Berbasis Teknologi Informasi. PENA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran, 01(01), 15-21.
  12. Pudyastuti, Z. E., Palandi, J. F., & Sari, N. (n.d.). (2023) Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru di Era Digital dalam Penerapan Pembelajaran Berbasis Teknologi Informasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Pemberdayaan dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, 31-38.
  13. Rakisheva, A. & Witt, A., (2023) “Digital competence frameworks in teacher education-A literature review”, Issues and Trends in Learning Technologies 11(1). doi: https://doi.org/10.2458/itlt.5205.
  14. Ratry Aryaningrum, M., Suntri, Y., & Dallion E.W, E. (2024). Studi Literatur: Hubungan Disiplin Belajar Dengan Hasil Belajar Mata Pelajaran Ips Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Dikdas Bantara, 100–110. https://doi.org/10.32585/dikdasbantara.v7i2.5349.
  15. Suzer, E., Koc, M. (2024). Teachers’ digital competency level according to various variables: A study based on the European DigCompEdu framework in a large Turkish city. Educ Inf Technol 29, 22057–22083. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12711-1.
  16. Sya’dullah, A., Setyosari, P., Ulfa, S., Praherdhiono, H., & Saroinsong, W. P. (2024). Teaching Style, Digital Literacy, and Self-Efficacy on Early Childhood Education Teacher Capabilities. Jurnal Pedagogi Dan Pembelajaran, 7(1), 63–69. https://doi.org/10.23887/jp2.v7i1.75851.
  17. Tondeur, Jo & van Braak, Johan & Guoyuan, Sang & Voogt, Joke & Fisser, Petra & Ottenbreit-Leftwich, Anne. (2012). Preparing pre-service teachers to integrate technology in education: A synthesis of qualitative evidence. Computers & Education. 59. 10.1016/j.compedu.2011.10.009.
  18. Wati, S., & Nurhasannah, N. (2024). Penguatan Kompetensi Guru Dalam Menghadapi Era Digital . Jurnal Review Pendidikan Dasar : Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Dan Hasil Penelitian, 10(2), 149–155. https://doi.org/10.26740/jrpd.v10n2.p149-155.
  19. Wijanarko, A., Effendi,. R., & Setiawan, Y. (2022). Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru dalam Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Digital Sebagai Knowledge Sharing di SDIT Iqra 1 Bengkulu. PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT, 1(1), 408–415. https://doi.org/10.33086/snpm.v1i1.828.
  20. Yang, L., García-Holgado, A. & Martínez-Abad, F. (2023). Digital competence of K-12 pre-service and in-service teachers in China: a systematic literature review. Asia Pacific Educ. Rev. 24, 679–693. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12564-023-09888-4.
  21. Zulaikha, S., Fadholi, M., Sururi, S., Syahril, S., Jamil, S. N. ., & Ariyanti, P. N. (2025). “Bridging the digital divide”: Assessing and advancing teachers’ digital literacy across Indonesian provinces. Journal of Educational Management and Instruction (JEMIN), 5(1), 195–212. https://doi.org/10.22515/jemin.v5i1.11586.