MEMBACA(-ULANG) NARASI FIGUR PEREMPUAN DALAM CERITA LEGENDA INDONESIA

https://doi.org/10.23960/simbol.v13i2.1030
Diterbitkan: Sep 10, 2025

Abstrak:

This study examines the construction of the mother figure in Indonesian legends using a motherism perspective. The main issue of this study is how motherhood narratives are presented in legendary texts and what cultural meanings are contained within them. The method used is descriptive qualitative with the research object being five folk tales collected from Lia Nuralia's book entitled Cerita Rakyat Nusantara (2009), namely “Putra Lokan”, “Batu Menangis”, “Cerita Bujang Lengong”, “Nyi Roro Kidul”, and “Putri Pandan Berduri”. The analysis focuses on the description of maternal narratives, their socio-cultural context, and the various representations of mother figures. The results of the study show that the legends of the archipelago represent mother figures in various forms: as a pillar of legitimacy for power (“Putra Lokan”), as a patient and obedient figure (“Batu Menangis”), as the ideal housewife (“Putri Pandan Berduri”), and as a powerful figure through spiritualism and magic (“Cerita Bujang Lengong” and “Nyi Roro Kidul”). These variations in representation confirm that the concept of motherhood in Nusantara legends is not singular, but rather dialectical between domestic obedience and symbolic resistance. Thus, legends are not only a legacy of oral literature, but also an ideological arena that negotiates the position of women in society.

Penelitian ini mengkaji konstruksi figur ibu dalam cerita legenda Nusantara dengan menggunakan perspektif ibuisme. Permasalahan utama penelitian ini adalah bagaimana narasi keibuan dihadirkan dalam teks-teks legenda dan apa makna kultural yang terkandung di baliknya. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan objek penelitian berupa lima cerita rakyat yang dihimpun dari buku Lia Nuralia berjudul Cerita Rakyat Nusantara (2009), yakni “Putra Lokan”, “Batu Menangis”, “Cerita Bujang Lengong”, “Nyi Roro Kidul”, dan “Putri Pandan Berduri”. Analisis difokuskan pada deskripsi narasi keibuan, konteks sosial budaya yang melatarinya, serta ragam representasi figur ibu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa legenda-legenda Nusantara merepresentasikan figur ibu dalam bentuk yang beragam: sebagai penopang legitimasi kekuasaan (“Putra Lokan”), sebagai sosok sabar dan patuh (“Batu Menangis”), sebagai ibu rumah tangga ideal (“Putri Pandan Berduri”), serta sebagai figur berdaya melalui spiritualisme-magis (“Cerita Bujang Lengong” dan “Nyi Roro Kidul”). Variasi representasi tersebut menegaskan bahwa konsep ibuisme dalam legenda Nusantara tidak tunggal, melainkan dialektis antara kepatuhan domestik dan perlawanan simbolik. Dengan demikian, legenda bukan hanya warisan sastra lisan, melainkan juga arena ideologis yang menegosiasikan posisi perempuan dalam masyarakat.

Penulis:
1 . Isnan Waluyo
a:1:{s:5:"en_US";s:19:"Universitas Udayana";}
2 . Muhammad Rizal
Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said Surakarta
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Cara Mengutip
Waluyo, I., & Rizal, M. (2025). MEMBACA(-ULANG) NARASI FIGUR PEREMPUAN DALAM CERITA LEGENDA INDONESIA . J-Simbol: Jurnal Magister Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia, 13(2), 794–805. https://doi.org/10.23960/simbol.v13i2.1030
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Data unduhan belum tersedia.
Terbitan & Bagian
Vol 13 No 2 (2025): J-Simbol: Jurnal Magister Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia
Articles
Referensi

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  1. Alwisol. (n.d.). Psikologi Kepribadian. UMM Press.
  2. Beauvoir, S. De. (1949). The Second Sex. Penguin Books.
  3. Danandjaja. (2002). Folklor Indonesia: Ilmu Gosip, Dongeng, dan lain-lain. Grafiti Pers.
  4. Djajadiningrat, M. (1987). Ibuis, and Priyayization: Path to Power?”, dalam Elsbeth Locher-Scholten & Anke Hiehor (Ed.), Indonesia Women in Focus, KITLV. Foris Publication.
  5. Finnegen, R. (1977). Oral Poetry its Nature, Significance and Social Context. University Press.
  6. Kristeva, J. (1980). Desire in Language: A Semiotic Approach to Literature and Art. Columbia University Press.
  7. Locer-Scholten, E. (1987). General Assessments of Development Potential, Problems and Constraints of the Province of West Java, LTA-47 West Java Regional Development Project.
  8. Nuralia, L. (2009). Cerita Rakyat Nusantara Populer. Ruang Kata.
  9. Rich, A. (1977). Of Woman Born: Motherhood as Experience and Institution. Virago Press .
  10. Sutopo, H. B. (2006). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif: Dasar Teori dan Terapannya dalam Penelitian. Sebelas Maret University Press.
  11. Teeuw, A. (1994). Indonesia Antara Kelisanan dan Keberaksaraan. Pustaka Jaya.